Five years ago, a group of experts began a Working Seminar organized under the auspices of the U.S. General Accounting Office and the Rockefeller Institute to study management systems for human services. Originally focused on technology and how computers can link and track human services for needy families, the seminar ultimately branched out to consider broader structural and operational reforms of human service systems. Since then, other groups and experts have joined in what is now a widespread interest in human service systems. This report by Mark Ragan adds an important input to this work.